Potencial agroindustrial del epicarpio de mandarina como alternativa de colorante natural en pan
Resumen
En este estudio se evaluó el potencial agroindustrial de la harina de epicarpio de mandarina Oneco (Citrus reticulata) como posible colorante natural en el pan. En la metodología se analizaron las propiedades fisicoquímicas como el pH, aw, los parámetros de color: luminosidad (L*), cromaticidad (C*) y ángulo de tono (h°), porcentaje de acidez, porcentaje de materia seca, cuantificación de carotenoides por espectrofotometría, compuestos fenólicos, capacidad antioxidante en harina y parámetros de color (L*, C* y h°) en el pan. Se encontró que, después del tratamiento de secado convectivo, se retuvieron concentraciones significativamente más altas de compuestos bioactivos como los fenólicos, se evidenció también un aumento en la capacidad antioxidante y el contenido de carotenoides, además de cambios significativos en los parámetros de color (L* y C*). En la sustitución de la harina de epicarpio de mandarina en las formulaciones del pan, se notó un aumento significativo en la concentración del contenido de carotenoides, siendo el pico de esta en la sustitución del 4 %; En los parámetros de color, se hallaron diferencias significativas en los parámetros L* y C*, presentando el mayor valor de L* en la sustitución del 2 % y de C* en la sustitución del 4 %, mientras que el parámetro h° no presentó diferencias significativas en ninguna de las formulaciones. Finalmente, se concluye que la harina de epicarpio de mandarina puede ser una alternativa importante, como aditivo de colorante natural en la elaboración del pan.
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