Evaluación del efecto de la presencia de hongos patógenos y metabolitos secundarios sobre la germinación en tres hortalizas de hojas

Palabras clave: Germinación, Metabolitos secundarios, plántulas, sanidad vegetal

Resumen

Las semillas de hortalizas de hoja son más sensibles al ataque de patógenos, por lo que es necesario estudiar el potencial fisiológico de las misma. Para ello se evaluó la calidad fisiológica de semilla de acelga (Fordhook Giant), ajo porro (Large American Flag y American Flag) y espinaca (New Zealand y Viroflay). Para ello se determinó el porcentaje de germinación, porcentaje de emergencia (PE), velocidad de emergencia (VE), índice de velocidad de emergencia (IVE), microbiota y metabolitos secundarios por cromatografía de capa fina. Para las evaluaciones de germinación, emergencia e identificación de patógenos se realizaron 4 repeticiones usando 100 semillas por repetición. Los resultados muestran un bajo desempeño fisiológico en semillas de espinaca New Zealand y Ajo porro (Large American Flag y American Flag), lo que se vio reflejado en las variables de GE (%), PC (%), VE e IVE debido a la presencia de hongos de los géneros Rhizopus, Fusarium, Penicillium, y las bacterias, que redujeron el vigor de las plántulas, así como un número importante de plántulas anormales,  mientras que las semillas de espinaca Viroflay y Acelga Fordhook Giant presentaron  una mejor germinación al primer conteo, sin embargo, los problemas relacionados con el vigor se reflejaron en las variables PE, VE, IVE, y con alto desarrollo de plántulas anormales, adicionalmente se detectó la presencia de los flavonoides el cual se asoció a una menor incidencia de Penicillium sp., en la semilla de espinaca viroflay aumentando la GE en el primer conteo y  la germinación total.

Biografía del autor/a

Sorianny Álvarez-Orozco*, Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado, Venezuela

Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado, Cabudare-Venezuela, soriannyalvarezorozco@gmail.com

Duilio Torres-Rodriguez, Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado, Venezuela

Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado, Cabudare-Venezuela, duiliotr@yahoo.com

Pastora Querales , Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado, Venezuela

Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado, Cabudare-Venezuela, pastoraq@ucla.edu.ve

Rosario Valera , Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado, Venezuela

Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado, Cabudare-Venezuela, rosariovalera@ucla.edu.ve

José Daniel Pacheco-Pacheco, Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado, Venezuela

Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado, Cabudare-Venezuela, jdpacheco2000@gmail.com

Tatiana Gavilánez B., Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi. Ecuador

Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi. Ecuador, tatiana.gavilanez@utc.edu.ec

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Cómo citar
[1]
S. . Álvarez-Orozco, D. Torres-Rodriguez, P. . Querales, R. . Valera, J. D. . Pacheco-Pacheco, y T. . . Gavilánez B., «Evaluación del efecto de la presencia de hongos patógenos y metabolitos secundarios sobre la germinación en tres hortalizas de hojas», TecnoL., vol. 24, n.º 50, p. e1730, ene. 2021.

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2021-01-30
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