Estudio bibliométrico de la eficiencia del gasto público en educación
Resumen
Este estudio bibliométrico analiza la literatura científica acerca de la eficiencia del gasto público en educación a través de dos tipos de indicadores bibliométricos: de cantidad (número de publicaciones) y calidad (impacto por año, autor y revista). Estos indicadores son construidos con los resultados arrojados por Scopus, a nivel mundial, desde enero de 2000 hasta junio de 2018. Los resultados están clasificados por autor, revista, país de publicación, haciendo énfasis en el enfoque metodológico, con el objetivo de identificar la tendencia de investigación en el área. Los resultados principales indican la presencia de un gran interés de los académicos en el campo desde el año 2000, quienes han usado diferentes niveles de análisis comparativos (entre países, regiones, universidades, colegios y estudiantes) y metodologías (paramétricas y no paramétricas). Además, el enfoque no paramétrico ha sido más relevante en años recientes con el desarrollo de softwares estadísticos, acceso público y la posibilidad de trabajar con bases de datos pequeñas, que permite una fácil implementación y el uso de comparaciones entre países. Finalmente, hay un rezago evidente en la literatura que analiza la eficiencia del gasto en educación en los países latinoamericanos, lo cual abre una futura línea de investigación.
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