Measuring the Performance of Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems: A Systematic Literature Review
Abstract
Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems (OHSMSs) have evolved in recent decades, mainly due to legal regulations promoted by national governments that generate public employment policies. The compliance with and development of OHSMSs enable organizations to promote and implement different methods to measure the performance of these systems. However, said methods have limitations and flaws. This article presents the results of a systematic literature review about the strategies employed to measure the performance of OHSMSs. It also defines said performance and its application and presents methods reported in the literature to measure it, the most commonly used strategies, their main advantages and disadvantages, and their effectiveness. This literature review included 38 articles published between 2002 and 2021 and indexed in Science Direct, Scielo, Pubmed, and Redalyc. The results enabled the identification of 61 aspects related to the performance of OHSMSs and 7 models for measuring it. This study holds that, according to the structure and needs of organizations, they can use specific methods to measure the performance of OHSMSs. However, some methods or tools are highly complex, and some evaluation methodologies cannot be applied by SMEs. Nevertheless, other instruments, such as the Diagnostic Tool for Occupational Health and Safety Management, integrate different components that facilitate a rigorous monitoring of health and safety management in the workplace with a better measurement approach for any type of organization.
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