Phenomenotechnique and Experimental Systems in the Understanding of Scientific Practice: The Case of the Living Cell
Abstract
This article aims at clarifying Rheinberger's conception of experimental systems in the context of Bachelard's concept of phenomenotechnique to show its usefulness in the analysis and understanding of a particular case: the emergence of the epistemic object, "living cell", in contemporary cell biology. In this case, the starting point is cell theory, cytology and biochemistry, up to the most recent developments based on live cell imaging. According to the notion of experimental system, it has been argued that it includes epistemic or scientific objects and experimental conditions, as well as junctures, hybridizations and bifurcations. Rheinberger's conception of experimental system is a finer characterization of contemporary science, involving a central element of research activity: the emergence of the scientific-epistemic object (living cell) co-generated between a representation space and a grapheme (an experimental trace that leaves signifiers) within an experimental system called living cell imaging. Finally, in the context of recent studies on science, technology and society, we also seek to show how it is possible to integrate philosophical reflections with scientific practice, as it actually happens in the laboratory, something rare in current works on philosophy of science.
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