El emprendimiento de base tecnológica y su punto de encuentro con la convergencia tecnocientífica: una revisión a partir del algoritmo Tree of Science
Resumen
El presente artículo tuvo como propósito presentar los resultados de una revisión sistemática que busca caracterizar el desarrollo del emprendimiento de base tecnológica (EBT) y su contribución en la evolución de la perspectiva tecnocientífica de la convergencia de la nanotecnología, la biotecnología, la infotecnología y la cognotecnología (NBIC). El análisis se orientó a partir del uso del algoritmo SAP Tree of Science, encaminado al procesamiento de referencias de los documentos sistematizados. Para ello, se revisó la literatura de sesenta y nueve artículos publicados entre 2000-2021 en la colección principal de Web of Science con los índices Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-Expanded), Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), Arts & Humanities Citation Index (A&HCI) y Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI). Los documentos más relevantes dieron cuenta de cómo las universidades se convierten en el catalizador entre estudiantes emprendedores, docentes, investigadores e inversionistas que trabajan mancomunadamente en el desarrollo de proyectos de alto valor con elevados niveles de especialización. El punto de encuentro con la convergencia tecnocientífica se observa en la necesidad de equipos de trabajo multidisciplinarios, integración de redes de trabajo colaborativo y financiación en las etapas de su desarrollo. Asimismo, la unión entre ciencia y negocios se acelera en la medida que se disminuye el tiempo entre la innovación y el impacto empresarial. Se concluye que la educación se convierte en la principal estrategia de transferencia de tecnología que conecta a los emprendedores con las tecnologías de la convergencia debido al requerimiento de altos niveles de conocimiento especializado.
Referencias bibliográficas
André, J. -C. (2017). Convergence NBIC: risques et conditions de possibilité au regard d’autres risques «silencieux». Environnement, Risques & Santé, 16(2), 178-191. https://doi.org/10.1684/ers.2017.0970
Andries, P., y Debackere, K. (2006). Adaptation in new technology-based ventures: Insights at the company level. International Journal of Management Reviews, 8(2), 91-112. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2006.00122.x
Bainbridge, W. S. (2004). The evolution of semantic systems. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1013(1), 150-177. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1305.008
Barbero, J. L., Casillas, J. C., Ramos, A., y Guitar, S. (2012). Revisiting incubation performance: How incubator typology affects results. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 79(5), 888-902. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2011.12.003
Cadorin, E., Klofsten, M., Albahari, A., y Etzkowitz, H. (2020). Science Parks and the Attraction of Talents: Activities and Challenges. Triple Helix, 6(1), 36-68. https://doi.org/10.1163/21971927-00601002
Chesbrough, H., Vanhaverbeke, W., y West, J. (2006). Open innovation: Researching a new paradigm. Oxford University Press on Demand.
Chesbrough, H. W. (2003). Open innovation: The new imperative for creating and profiting from technology. Harvard Business Press.
Ciuchta, M. P., Gong, Y., Miner, A. S., Letwin, C., y Sadler, A. (2016). Imprinting and the progeny of university spin-offs. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 41, 1113-1134. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-015-9464-1
Clarysse, B., Wright, M., Lockett, A., Van de Velde, E., y Vohora, A. (2005). Spinning out new ventures: a typology of incubation strategies from European research institutions. Journal of Business venturing, 20(2), 183-216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2003.12.004
Colombelli, A., Grilli, L., Minola, T., y Mrkajic, B. (2020). To what extent do young innovative companies take advantage of policy support to enact innovation appropriation mechanisms? Research Policy, 49(10), 103797. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2019.05.006
Colombo, M. G., y Delmastro, M. (2002). How effective are technology incubators?: Evidence from Italy. Research Policy, 31(7), 1103-1122. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(01)00178-0
Colombo, M. G., y Delmastro, M. (2004). The determinants of organizational change and structural inertia: technological and organizational factors. Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, 11(4), 595-635. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1430-9134.2002.00595.x
Colombo, M. G., y Grilli, L. (2005). Founders’ human capital and the growth of new technology-based firms: A competence - based view. Research Policy, 34(6), 795-816 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2005.03.010
Colombo, M. G, Rossi-Lamastra, C., y Matassini, B. (2016), The Organizational Design of High-Tech Entrepreneurial Ventures. Foundations and Trends in Entrepreneurship, 11(6), 427-523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/0300000053
Conceição, O., Fontes, M., y Calapez, T. (2012). The commercialisation decisions of research-based spin-off: Targeting the market for technologies. Technovation, 32(1), 43-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2011.07.009
Desmoulin-Canselier, S. (2012). What Exactly Is It All About? Puzzled Comments from a French Legal Scholar on the NBIC Convergence. NanoEthics, 6, 243-255. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11569-012-0153-3
Di Gregorio, D., y Shane, S. (2003). Why do some universities generate more start-ups than others? Research Policy, 32(2), 209-227. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(02)00097-5
Díaz Sánchez, E., Souto Pérez, J. E., y Tejeiro Koller, M. R. (2013). NEBTS3. Nuevas Empresas de Base Tecnológica. https://www.madrimasd.org/sites/default/files/informacionidi/biblioteca/publicacion/doc/Nebts3.pdf
Dvouletý, O., Longo, M. C., Blažková, I., Lukeš, M., y Andera, M. (2018). ¿Are publicly funded Czech incubators effective? The comparison of performance of supported and non-supported firms. European Journal of Innovation Management, 21(4), 543-563. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-02-2018-0043
Fernandes, C. C., de Miranda Oliveira Jr, M., Sbragia, R., y Mendes Borini, F. (2017). Strategic assets in technology-based incubators in Brazil. European Journal of Innovation Management, 20(1), 153-170. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-04-2016-0043
Ferreiro Seoane, F. J. (2016). Análisis de los viveros de empresas en Galicia según su orientación tecnológica o generalista. Cuadernos de Gestión, 16(2), 49-76. https://doi.org/10.5295/cdg.130451ff
Festel, G. (2013). Academic spin-offs, corporate spin-outs and company internal start-ups as technology transfer approach. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 38, 454-470. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-012-9256-9
Flatten, T. C., Engelen, A., Möller, T., y Brettel, M. (2015). How entrepreneurial firms profit from pricing capabilities: an examination of technology–based ventures. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 39(5), 1111-1136. https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12098
Frochot, C., Schaer, E., y André, J. -C. (2020). Il ne faut pas avoir peur des « nano », c’est juste une nanocrise mal anticipée. Environnement, Risques & Santé, 19(6), 446-466. https://dx.doi.org/10.1684/ers.2020.1488
Galbraith, B., McAdam, R., Woods, J., y McGowan, T. (2017). Putting policy into practice: an exploratory study of SME innovation support in a peripheral UK region. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 29(7-8), 668-691. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2017.1325939
Ganascia, J. -G. (2011). The new ethical trilemma: Security, privacy and transparency. Comptes Rendus Physique, 12(7), 684-692. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crhy.2011.07.002
Giraudo, E., Giudici, G., y Grilli, L. (2019). Entrepreneurship policy and the financing of young innovative companies: Evidence from the Italian Startup Act. Research Policy, 48(9), 103801. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2019.05.010
Gómez-Zuluaga, M. E. (2019). Technology-based entrepreneurship: A challenge to meet. Tec Empresarial, 13(2), 33-44. https://dx.doi.org/10.18845/te.v13i2.4493
Grebenshchikova, E. (2018). NBIC-convergence and technoethics: common ethical perspective. En Information Resources Management AssociatioN (ed.), Biomedical Engineering: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications (pp. 323-331). IGI Global.
Herrera Rodríguez, J. I., Guevara Fernández, G. E., y Munster de la Rosa, H. (2015). Los diseños y estrategias para los estudios cualitativos. Un acercamiento teórico-metodológico. Gaceta Médica Espirituana, 17(2), 120-134. http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1608-89212015000200013&lng=es&tlng=es.
Kelley, D. J., y Nakosteen, R. A. (2005). Technology resources, alliances, and sustained growth in new, technology-based firms. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 52(3), 292-300. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TEM.2005.851272
Khushf, G. (2007). Open questions in the ethics of convergence. The Journal of medicine and philosophy, 32(3), 299-310. https://doi.org/10.1080/03605310701397057
Knockaert, M., y Vanacker, T. (2013). The association between venture capitalists’ selection and value adding behavior: evidence from early stage high tech venture capitalists. Small Business Economics, 40, 493-509. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-011-9378-8
Lee, C., Lee, K., y Pennings, J. M. (2001). Internal capabilities, external networks, and performance: a study on technology‐based ventures. Strategic Management Journal, 22(6-7), 615-640. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3094323
Little, A. D. (1977). New technology-based firms in the United Kingdom and the Federal Republic of German. Wilton House.
Löfsten, H. (2016). Organisational capabilities and the long-term survival of new technology-based firms. European Business Review, 28(3), 312-332. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-04-2015-0041
Löfsten, H., y Lindelöf, P. (2002). Science Parks and the growth of new technology-based firms academic industry links, innovation and markets. Research Policy, 31(6), 859-876. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(01)00153-6
M’chirgui, Z., Guerfali, A., Lamine, W., y Ben Aïssa, M. S. (2014). Boosting new venture projects through incubator development programme. Applied Economics Letters, 22(6), 436-440. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2014.948667
Markman, G. D., Gianiodis, P. T., Phan, P. H., y Balkin, D. B. (2005). Innovation speed: Transferring university technology to market. Research Policy, 34(7), 1058-1075. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2005.05.007
Martínez Martín, M. I., Guilló Rodríguez, N., y Santero Sánchez, R. (2019). La economía social en el emprendimiento de base tecnológica en España. Un análisis cualitativo. Revista de Economía Pública, Social y Cooperativa, (96), 65-90. https://doi.org/10.7203/CIRIEC-E.96.12969
Mascarenhas, C., Marques, C. S., Galvão, A. R., y Santos, G. (2017). Entrepreneurial university: towards a better understanding of past trends and future directions. Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, 11(3), 316-338. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEC-02-2017-0019
Mastrostefano, K., Morales-Alonso, G., Marco, G., Grimaldi, M., y Blanco-Serrano, J. A. (2020). The importance for a start-up to trust in Open Innovation: A systematic literature review. Economics and Business Letters, 9(4), 289-297. https://doi.org/10.17811/ebl.9.4.2020.289-297
Miller, S. E. (2004). How the legal system should change as a result of converging technologies. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1013(1), 178-185. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1305.009
Morales Gualdrón, S. T. (2020). A look at the evolution of the academic spin-offs creation in Iberoamerican countries: the cases of Spain and Colombia. Tec Empresarial, 14(2), 32-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18845/te.v14i2.5093
Mustar, P., Renault, M., Colombo, M. G., Piva, E., Fontes, M., Lockett, A., Wright, M., Clarysse, B., y Moray, N. (2006). Conceptualising the heterogeneity of research-based spin-offs: A multi-dimensional taxonomy. Research Policy, 35(2), 289-308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2005.11.001
Narayanan, V. K., Yang, Y., y Zahra, S. A. (2009). Corporate venturing and value creation: A review and proposed framework. Research Policy, 38(1), 58-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2008.08.015
Nordmann, A. (2004). Converging technologies: shaping the future of European societies. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.
O'Shea, R. P., Allen, T. J., Chevalier, A., y Roche, F. (2005). Entrepreneurial orientation, technology transfer and spinoff performance of US universities. Research Policy, 34(7), 994-1009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2005.05.011
Øyna, S., Almor, T., Elango, B., y Tarba, S. Y. (2018). Maturing born globals and their acquisitive behaviour. International Business Review, 27(3), 714-725. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2017.12.002
Phan, P. H., Siegel, D. S., y Wright, M. (2005). Science parks and incubators: observations, synthesis and future research. Journal of Business Venturing, 20(2), 165-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2003.12.001
Porod, W., Werblin, F., Chua, L. O., Roska, T., Rodriguez- Vázquez,Á., Roska, B., Fay, P., Bernstein, G. H., Huang, Y. -F., y Csurgay, Á. I. (2004). Bio-Inspired Nano-Sensor-Enhanced CNN Visual Computer. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciencies, 1013(1), 92-109. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1305.011
Ramaciotti, L., Muscio, A., y Rizzo, U. (2016). The impact of hard and soft policy measures on new technology-based firms. Regional Studies, 51(4), 629-642. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2016.1255319
Robledo, S., Osorio, G., y López, C. (2014). Networking en pequeña empresa: una revisión bibliográfica utilizando la teoría de grafos. Revista Vínculos, 11(2), 6-16. https://revistas.udistrital.edu.co/index.php/vinculos/article/view/9664
Roco, M. (2003). Broader Societal Issues of Nanotechnology. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 5, 181-189. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025548512438
Roco, M. C. (2001). International strategy for Nanotechnology Research. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 3, 353-360. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013248621015
Roco, M. C. (2004). Science and technology integration for increased human potential and societal outcomes. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1013(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1305.001
Roco, M. C. (2006). Progress in governance of converging technologies integrated from the nanoscale. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1093(1), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1382.002
Roco, M. C. (2008). Possibilities for global governance of converging technologies. Journal of nanoparticle research, 10, 11-29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-007-9269-8
Roco, M. C., y Bainbridge, W. S. (2002). Converging Technologies for Improving Human Performance: Integrating From the Nanoscale. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 4, 281-295. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021152023349
Roco, M. C., y Bainbridge, W. S. (2013). The new world of discovery, invention, and innovation: convergence of knowledge, technology, and society. Journal of nanoparticle research, 15, 1946. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-013-1946-1
Rodríguez-Gulías, M. J., Fernández-López, S., y Rodeiro-Pazos, D. (2016). Growth determinants in entrepreneurship: A longitudinal study of Spanish technology-based university spin-offs. Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 14, 323-344. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10843-016-0185-9
Rothaermel, F. T., Agung, S. D., y Jiang, L. (2007). University entrepreneurship: a taxonomy of the literature. Industrial and Corporate Change, 16(4), 691-791. https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtm023
Rydehell, H., Isaksson, A., y Löfsten, H. (2019). Business networks and localization effects for new Swedish technology-based firms’ innovation performance. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 44, 1547-1576. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-018-9668-2
Sá, C., y Lee, H (2012). Science, business, and innovation: understanding networks in technology-based incubators. R&d Manage, 42(3), 243-253. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9310.2012.00681.x
Salvador, E., y Rolfo, S. (2011). Are incubators and science parks effective for research spin-offs? Evidence from Italy. Science and Public Policy, 38(3), 170-184. https://doi.org/10.3152/016502611X12849792159191
Santarelli, E., y Tran, H. T. (2017). Young innovative companies: Are they high performers in transition economies? Evidence for Vietnam. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 42, 1052-1076. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-016-9475-6
Scagnelli, S., Vasile, L., y Apostolov, M. (2019). Survival Drivers Of Post-incubated Start-ups: The Effect Of Academic Governance. International Journal of Innovation Management, 23(7). https://doi.org/10.1142/S1363919619500622
Serio, R. G., Dickson, M. M., Giuliani, D., y Espa, G. (2020). Green Production as a Factor of Survival for Innovative Startups: Evidence from Italy. Sustainability, 12(22), 9464. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12229464
Shane, S., y Stuart, T. (2002). Organizational Endowments and the Performance of University Start-ups. Manage Science, 48(1), 154-170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.48.1.154.14280
Shearman, C., y Burrell, G. (1988). New technology based firms and the emergence of new industries: some employment implications. New Technology, Work and Employment, 3(2), 87-99. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-005X.1988.tb00092.x
Schneider, C., y Veugelers, R., (2010). On young highly innovative companies: why they matter and how (not) to policy support them. Industrial and Corporate Change, 19(4), 969-1007. https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtp052
Spender, J. -C, Corvello, V., Grimaldi, M., y Rippa, P. (2017). Startups and open innovation: a review of the literature. European Journal of Innovation Management, 20(1), 4-30. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-12-2015-0131
Spohrer J. C., y Engelbart, D. C. (2004). Converging technologies for enhancing human performance: Science and business perspectives. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1013(1), 50-82. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1305.005
Strehle, F., Katzy, B. R., y Davila, T. (2010). Learning capabilities and the growth of technology-based new ventures. International Journal of Technology Management, 52(1/2), 26-45. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTM.2010.035854
Talaia, M., Pisoni, A., y Onetti, A. (2016). Factors influencing the fund raising process for innovative new ventures: an empirical study. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 23(2), 363-378. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-07-2014-0111
Tumelero, C., dos Santos S. A., y Kuniyoshi, M. S. (2016). Survival of post-incubated technology-based companies: study of the entrepreneurial action in mobilization and use of resources. REGE - Revista de Gestao, 23(1), 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rege.2014.11.001
Tumelero, C., Sbragia, R., Mendes Borini, F., y Franco, E. C. (2018). The role of networks in technological capability: a technology-based companies perspective. Journal of Global Entrepreurship Research, 8, 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40497-018-0095-5
Ursua, N. (2012). La convergencia de tecnologías-CT y la mejora técnica del ser humano: una visión tecno-futurista. Thémata. Revista de Filosofía, (46), 67-90. https://revistascientificas.us.es/index.php/themata/article/view/383
Valencia-Hernández, D -S., Robledo, S., Pinilla, R., Duque-Méndez, N. D., y Olivar-Tost, G. (2020). SAP Algorithm for Citation Analysis: An improvement to Tree of Science. Ingeniería e Investigación, 40(1), 45-49. https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v40n1.77718
Valmaseda, O., y Hernández, N. (2012). Fuentes de conocimiento en los procesos de innovación empresarial: Las Spin-Off universitarias en Andalucía. Arbor, 188(753), 211-228. https://doi.org/10.3989/arbor.2012.753n1013
Velázquez-Juárez, J. A., Valencia-Pérez, L. R., y Peña-Aguilar, J. M. (2016). El papel del modelo de la triple hélice como sistema de innovación para aumentar la rentabilidad en una Pyme comercializadora. Revista CEA, 2(3), 101-112. https://doi.org/10.22430/24223182.268
Vohora, A., Wright, M., y Lockett, A. (2004). Critical junctures in the development of university high-tech spinout companies. Research Policy, 33(1), 147-175. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(03)00107-0
Walter, S., y Heinrichs, S. (2015). Who becomes an entrepreneur? A 30-years-review of individual-level research. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 22(2), 225-248. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-09-2012-0106
Wolbring, G. (2008). Why NBIC? Why human performance enhancement? Innovation. The European Journal of Social Science Research, 21(1), 25-40. https://doi.org/10.1080/135116108020 02189
Zhang, M. Y., y Dodgson, M. (2007). “A roasted duck can still fly away”: A case study of technology, nationality, culture and the rapid and early internationalization of the firm. Journal of World Business, 42(3), 336-349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2007.04.005
Descargas
Derechos de autor 2023 Edward Andrés Benavides-Sánchez, Camilo Andrés Castro-Ruíz, Miguel Ángel Brand Narváez
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
Métricas
