Modelo simplificado de generador basado en inversores para estudios de protecciones y estabilidad de corto plazo en resolución de transitorios electromagnéticos

Palabras clave: Convertidor del lado de la red, corriente de cortocircuito, fuente de corriente controlada, generación distribuida basada en inversores, Modelado EMT de inversores

Resumen

Las nuevas dinámicas de la generación basada en inversores (IBG) y la falta de modelos precisos ponen en peligro la seguridad de los sistemas de potencia. Adicionalmente, la mayoría de los modelos detallados para transitorios electromagnéticos (EMT) de los fabricantes son cajas negras. Por esta razón, el objetivo de este trabajo fue proponer un modelo de IBG genérico en resolución EMT apropiado para estudios de cortocircuito, protecciones y estabilidad de tensión de corto plazo. Para ello, el modelo consideró diferentes funcionalidades, como sincronización ante huecos de tensión desbalanceados, inyección flexible de corriente de secuencia negativa, limitación de corriente pico, control dinámico de potencia reactiva y soportabilidad ante fallas (FRT). Este modelo permitió a los operadores de red enfrentar el reto de realizar simulaciones precisas con gran integración de recursos renovables en su matriz energética. El modelo, además, se basó en una fuente de corriente controlada por tensión en el software ATP/EMTP. La respuesta de cortocircuito se evaluó en un escenario de simulación para diferentes eventos de falla presentando un comportamiento confiable debido a que se consideran los requerimientos y limitantes técnicas y regulatorias de los IBG. Finalmente, el modelo propuesto tiene una rápida inicialización y es apropiado para simulaciones con grandes pasos de tiempo, haciendo que sea valioso para simulaciones EMT en grandes redes.

Biografía del autor/a

David Sánchez Muñoz, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Colombia

Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellín-Colombia, daasanchezmu@unal.edu.co

Ernesto Pérez González, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Colombia

Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellín-Colombia, eperezg@unal.edu.co

Juan Fernando Piñeros, XM S.A. E.S.P, Colombia

XM S.A. E.S.P, Medellín-Colombia, jpinieros@xm.com.co

Laura Agudelo Zapata, XM S.A. E.S.P, Colombia

XM S.A. E.S.P, Medellín-Colombia, lagudelo@xm.com.co

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Cómo citar
[1]
D. Sánchez Muñoz, E. Pérez González, J. F. Piñeros, y L. Agudelo Zapata, « Modelo simplificado de generador basado en inversores para estudios de protecciones y estabilidad de corto plazo en resolución de transitorios electromagnéticos», TecnoL., vol. 25, n.º 55, p. e2347, nov. 2022.

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Publicado
2022-11-09
Sección
Artículos de investigación

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