Comparación computacional de motores AC y DC ante cambios hidrodinámicos en embarcaciones marítimas pesqueras

Palabras clave: Cambios hidrodinámicos, Movimientos de balanceo y oleaje, Movimientos de cabeceo, Movimientos de guiñada

Resumen

El objetivo de este artículo fue realizar la comparación en un ambiente computacional entre un motor de corriente alterna y un motor de corriente continua ante variaciones dinámicas en la propulsión de una embarcación marítima de pesca artesanal. Inicialmente, se simuló la embarcación en el software Maxsurf con el objetivo de obtener los comportamientos dinámicos para los movimientos de cabeceo, balanceo, guiñada y oleaje con perturbaciones de viento y ola para un espectro de Pierson-Moskowitz. Posteriormente, se seleccionaron los motores en el software Matlab/Simulink, donde se propone un comportamiento de torque requerido por la embarcación para actuar ante la resistencia presentada en cada movimiento dinámico. Esto permitió analizar las condiciones mecánicas y eléctricas requeridas mediante las curvas obtenidas en la simulación. Finalmente, teniendo en cuenta los criterios de torque, potencia, velocidad, y corriente, los resultados obtenidos mostraron que el motor DC presenta mayor eficiencia que el motor AC trifásico para aplicaciones de buques de pesca artesanal. Además, se evidenció que los dos motores requieren mayor esfuerzo para vencer la perturbación relacionada al movimiento de balanceo en estado estable, mientras que, en el estado transitorio, el motor DC requiere un par de arranque mayor y el motor AC presenta oscilaciones, las cuales son perturbaciones indeseables debido a que producen inestabilidad en el sistema eléctrico. Es importante tener en cuenta la fuente energética que alimenta los motores que pueden ser de corriente alterna o corriente continua.

Biografía del autor/a

Yineth Lorena Correa, Universidad del Cauca, Colombia

Universidad del Cauca, Popayán-Colombia, yinethcorrea@unicauca.edu.co

Iván Felipe Muñoz, Universidad del Cauca, Colombia

Universidad del Cauca, Popayán-Colombia, ifmunoz@unicauca.edu.co

Francisco Franco Obando, Universidad del Cauca, Colombia

Universidad del Cauca, Popayán-Colombia, fobando@unicauca.edu.co

Maximiliano Bueno Lopez*, Universidad del Cauca, Colombia

Universidad del Cauca, Popayán-Colombia,mbuenol@unicauca.edu.co

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Cómo citar
[1]
Y. L. Correa, I. F. Muñoz, F. Franco Obando, y M. Bueno Lopez, «Comparación computacional de motores AC y DC ante cambios hidrodinámicos en embarcaciones marítimas pesqueras », TecnoL., vol. 26, n.º 56, p. e2442, mar. 2023.

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Publicado
2023-03-22
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