Raim: Framework for Adaptive Inclusion in Educational Environments for All
Abstract
In educational environments, students’ characteristics and needs are greatly diverse. Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have achieved significant improvements in different human activities, and their possibilities could be exploited in educational processes that acknowledge students’ particularities and context. In education, adaptive systems constitute one of the most widely adopted approaches; however, expectations of the community have not yet been fulfilled due to problems such as the lack of generic customization schemes, difficulties in capturing and updating students’ profile, lack of availability of educational content appropriate for specific conditions, and complexity of implementation in real platforms. This situation manifests itself more clearly in the case of students with special educational needs, in which not recognizing their needs and preferences may even result in their exclusion from educational environments. This article proposes a framework to generate educational environments for all by implementing an adaptive inclusion process. Such framework is defined as a set of work guidelines divided into modules, which provide tools for the management of models in each one of the modules. A technological platform that implements the framework is presented and evaluated applying a methodology proposed for this type of systems. Although they can be improved, satisfactory results were obtained. One of the most relevant contributions of this proposal is that the model can be implemented adopting different approaches, characteristics, and technologies as long as the coherence between the various elements that compose it is maintained.
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