Evaluation of the Effect of the Presence of Pathogenic Fungi and Secondary Metabolites on the Germination of Three Leaf Vegetables
Abstract
Leaf vegetables are more sensitive to pathogen attack, so it is necessary to study the physiological potential of it. For this purpose, the physiological seed quality of chard (Fordhook Giant), garlic (Large American Flag and American Flag) and spinach (New Zealand and Viroflay) was evaluated. The germination rate, emergence rate (EP), emergence velocity (VE), emergence velocity index (IVE), microbiota and secondary metabolites were determined by thin layer chromatography. For the evaluations of germination, emergence and pathogen identification, 4 replicates were performed using 100 seeds per replicate. The results show a low physiological performance in seeds of New Zealand spinach and garlic pot (Large American Flag and American Flag), which was reflected in the variables of GE (%), PC (%), VE and IVE due to the presence of fungi of the genera Rhizopus, Fusarium, Penicillium, and bacteria, which reduced the vigor of the seedlings, as well as a significant number of abnormal seedlings, while Viroflay and Fordhook Giant Chard spinach seeds presented a better germination at the first count, however, the problems related to vigor were reflected in the variables PE, VE, IVE, and with high development of abnormal seedlings, additionally the presence of flavonoids was detected which was associated with a lower incidence of Penicillium sp., in Viroflay spinach seed increasing the GE at the first count and total germination.
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