Modelos geométricos en el estudio de nanotubos de carbono

Abstract

Carbon nanotubes have become in the last two decades in greatest elements both in theoretical investigation as technological developments. From theoretical point of view, a model is necessary that describe on the best possible its physical properties, thus an approximation to the geometry is important for a physical description. In this paper in addition to a geometric model revision to the nanotube, we are going to do a description to the most interesting technological developments. In the theoretical models of nanotube geometric description, the first is the called zone folding method. This method consist in deal the nanotube like a mesh piece of graphen to which is given a periodicity conditions, so when it is folded it reproduce all the carbon atoms positions. The second method, consist in propose the atoms in the nanotube like places in a cylindrical structure. In this model the vectors used to the description are obtained from the particular geometry in each nanotube and write them in cylindrical coordinates. Finally, the third method is based in the nanotube description from all its possible symmetries, dealing the nanotube as a structure that has a particular symmetry along one direction.